Income Security covers everything outside Social Security that helps people afford the basics — about $703 billion in FY2024. The biggest lines: federal civilian employee retirement pensions (FERS + CSRS, ~$130B), refundable Child Tax Credit payments (~$123B), military retirement (~$60B), SNAP / food stamps (~$110B serving ~41M people), refundable Earned Income Tax Credit (~$74B), Supplemental Security Income for low-income elderly/disabled (~$65B), and Section 8 housing vouchers plus public housing (~$55B).
Other significant pieces: the federal share of unemployment insurance (~$43B, varies with the business cycle), TANF + child care + foster care (~$26B), and WIC + school meals + LIHEAP energy assistance (~$17B).